Figures 11.12


A pitcher of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) cut open to show fly inquilines in the fluid:
Figures 11.12. A pitcher of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) cut open to show fly inquilines in the fluid:

(clockwise from the top left) two mosquito larvae, a mosquito pupa, two chironomid midge larvae, a small maggot, and a large rat-tailed maggot.

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  A tuber of the epiphytic myrmecophyte Myrmecodia beccarii (Rubiaceae), cut open to show the chambers inhabited by ants.
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  First-instar nymphs of the subsocial aphid Pseudoregma alexanderi (Hemiptera: Hormaphidinae):