Figures 13.6


Two examples of the ovipositional behavior of hymenopteran hyperparasitoids of aphids:
Figures 13.6. Two examples of the ovipositional behavior of hymenopteran hyperparasitoids of aphids:

(a) endophagous Alloxysta victrix (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) ovipositing into a primary parasitoid inside a live aphid; (b) ectophagous Asaphes lucens (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) ovipositing onto a primary parasitoid in a mummified aphid. (After Sullivan 1988)

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  Encapsulation of a living larva of Apanteles (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) by the hemocytes of a caterpillar of Ephestia (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).
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  Steps in host selection by the hyperparasitoid Alloxysta victrix (Hymenoptera: Figitidae).